History of mobile phones All mobile phones
Mobile phone :- A mobile phone, cellular phone, cell phone, cellphone, handphone, or hand phone, sometimes abbreviated to mobile, cell or just phone, a portable telephone that can make and receive calls via a radio frequency link while the user is inside. . A telephone service area.
The radio frequency link establishes a connection to a mobile phone operator’s switching system, which provides access to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). Modern mobile telephone services use a cellular network architecture and hence, mobile telephones are called cellular telephones or cell phones in North America.
In addition to telephony, digital mobile phones (2G) support a variety of other services, such as text messaging, MMS, email, Internet access, short-range wireless communication (infrared, bluetooth), business applications, video games, and digital photography. Mobile phones that offer only those capabilities are known as feature phones; Mobile phones that offer highly advanced computing capabilities are referred to as smartphones.
The development of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) large-scale integration (LSI) technology, information theory, and cellular networking has led to the development of affordable mobile communications. The first handheld mobile phone was introduced in 1973 in New York City by Motorola’s John F. Demonstrated by Mitchell and Martin Cooper, using a handset weighing c.
2 kilograms (4.4 lbs). From 1983 to 2014, global mobile phone subscriptions grew to over seven billion; Enough to provide one for every man on earth. In the first quarter of 2016, the top smartphone developers worldwide were Samsung, Apple and Huawei; Smartphone sales represent 78 percent of total mobile phone sales. For feature phones (slang: “Dumbfone”) as of 2016, the best-selling brands were Samsung, Nokia and Alcatel.
The race to create truly portable telephone devices began after World War II, with many developing countries. Advances in mobile telephony have been marked by successive “generations”, starting with early zero-generation (0G) services,
History:- A handheld mobile radio telephone service was conceived in the early stages of radio engineering. In 1917, Finnish inventor Eric Tigerstad filed a patent for a “pocket-sized folded telephone with a very thin carbon microphone.” Early precursors to cellular phones included analog radio communications from ships and trains.
Such as Bell system mobile telephone service and its successor, advanced mobile telephone service 7 These 0G systems were not cellular, supported a few simultaneous calls and were very expensive.
The development of metal-oxide-semiconductor (MOS) large-scale integration (LSI) technology, information theory, and cellular networking has led to the development of affordable mobile communications and devices such as car phones.
In 1973, Mitchell and Martin Cooper of Motorola used a handset that weighed 2 kilograms (4.4 pounds). The first commercial automated cellular network (1G) analog was launched in Japan in 1979 by Nippon Telegraph and Telephone.
Then a few more countries followed in the early 1980s. These first generation (1G) systems can support much more simultaneous calls but still use analog cellular technology.
The 1990’s saw the emergence of digital cellular networks, enabled by the widespread adoption of MOSFET-based RF power amplifiers (Power MOSFET and LDMOS) and RF circuits (RF CMOS), leading to the introduction of digital signal processing in wireless communication. In 1991, second generation (2G) digital cellular technology was introduced in Finland by Radiolinja at the GSM standard.
New operators have challenged existing 1G network operators, creating competition in the sector. The GSM Standard is a European initiative published in the CEPT (“Conference European des Postes at Telecommunications”, European Postal and Telecommunications Conference).
Franco-German R&D cooperation demonstrated technological potential, and in 1987 a Memorandum of Understanding was signed between 13 European countries that agreed to launch a commercial service by 1991.
The first version of the GSM (= 2G) standard had 6,000 pages. The IEEE and RSE awarded the 2018 James Clark Maxwell Medal to Thomas Hughes and Philip Dupuis for their contribution to the first digital mobile telephone standard. In 2018, more than GSM 5 b was used